We develop methods, benchmarks, and training systems that turn expert data into frontier AI

building benchmarks and collaborating with

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key research areas

Vision and impact

We help labs advance frontier models by working with domain experts to design and build complex, realistic datasets that drive model performance.

initiatives

Community and open science

Open benchmarks, conversations, and research for real-world AI performance.

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Open Benchmarks Grants

Backed by a $30M commitment, Open Benchmarks Grants funds new benchmarks, red-teams existing ones to find weaknesses, and supports researchers through a fellowship.

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Benchtalks

Our podcast series at the intersection of AI evaluation, data quality, and real-world impact.
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Reading Group

A recurring forum for researchers and practitioners to explore the latest frontier developments in AI while building meaningful connections within the community.

DEEP RESEARCH Expertise

Technical advisors and distinguished affiliates

Stephen Bach headshot

Stephen Bach

Brown University
Eliot Horowitz Assistant Professor, Computer Science Department
Jason Fries headshot

Jason Fries

Stanford University
Assistant Professor of Biomedical Data Science and of Medicine
Jared Dunnmon headshot

Jared Dunnmon

Co-Founder & Chief Scientist, Stealth Startup
Prev. Dir. of AI at DIU
Fred Sala headshot

Fred Sala

Chief Scientist
,
Snorkel AI
Assistant Professor @ University of Wisconsin-Madison
Chris Ré headshot

Chris Ré

Co-Founder
,
Snorkel AI
Professor @ Stanford University
Ludwig Schmidt headshot

Ludwig Schmidt

Stanford University · LAION
Stanford researcher and LAION collaborator
Karthik Narasimhan headshot

Karthik Narasimhan

Princeton University
Professor of Computer Science
Yu Su headshot

Yu Su

Ohio State University
Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering
Lewis Tunstall headshot

Lewis Tunstall

Hugging Face
Machine Learning Engineer
PUBLICATIONS

Browse research blogs
and academic papers

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Closing the Evaluation Gap in Agentic AI
Blog
Closing the Evaluation Gap in Agentic AI

Today, AI is marked by a growing asymmetry: the excitement around agentic AI is real — backed by quantitative progress on model cards and genuine leaps forward, especially in coding. But ask individuals or enterprises where they feel ready to deploy agentic automation in high-stakes, domain-specific settings outside of coding… and you will find hesitation. The reason: our ability to…

Feb 11, 2026 •
Learn more about Closing the Evaluation Gap in Agentic AI
CARE: Confounder-Aware Aggregation for Reliable LLM Evaluation
LLM-as-a-judge ensembles are the standard paradigm for scalable evaluation, but their aggregation mechanisms suffer from a fundamental flaw: they implicitly assume that judges provide independent estimates of true quality. However, in practice, LLM judges exhibit correlated errors caused by shared latent confounders -- such as verbosity, stylistic preferences, or training artifacts -- causing standard aggregation rules like majority vote or averaging to provide little gain or even amplify systematic mistakes. To address this, we introduce CARE, a confounder-aware aggregation framework that explicitly models LLM judge scores as arising from both a latent true-quality signal and shared confounding factors. Rather than...
Research Paper
CARE: Confounder-Aware Aggregation for Reliable LLM Evaluation

LLM-as-a-judge ensembles are the standard paradigm for scalable evaluation, but their aggregation mechanisms suffer from a fundamental flaw: they implicitly assume that judges provide independent estimates of true quality. However, in practice, LLM judges exhibit correlated errors caused by shared latent confounders — such as verbosity, stylistic preferences, or training artifacts — causing standard aggregation rules like majority vote or…

Feb 09, 2026 •

Jitian Zhao, Changho Shin, Tzu-Heng Huang, Srinath Namburi, Frederic Sala

Learn more about CARE: Confounder-Aware Aggregation for Reliable LLM Evaluation
Benchmarking Agents in Insurance Underwriting Environments
As AI agents integrate into enterprise applications, their evaluation demands benchmarks that reflect the complexity of real-world operations. Instead, existing benchmarks overemphasize open-domains such as code, use narrow accuracy metrics, and lack authentic complexity. We present UNDERWRITE, an expert-first, multi-turn insurance underwriting benchmark designed in close collaboration with domain experts to capture real-world enterprise challenges. UNDERWRITE introduces critical realism factors often absent in current benchmarks: proprietary business knowledge, noisy tool interfaces, and imperfect simulated users requiring careful information gathering. Evaluating 13 frontier models, we uncover significant gaps between research lab performance and enterprise readiness: the most accurate models are not...
Research Paper
Accepted to CAIS 2026
Benchmarking Agents in Insurance Underwriting Environments

As AI agents integrate into enterprise applications, their evaluation demands benchmarks that reflect the complexity of real-world operations. Instead, existing benchmarks overemphasize open-domains such as code, use narrow accuracy metrics, and lack authentic complexity. We present UNDERWRITE, an expert-first, multi-turn insurance underwriting benchmark designed in close collaboration with domain experts to capture real-world enterprise challenges. UNDERWRITE introduces critical realism factors…

Jan 31, 2026 •

Amanda Dsouza, Ramya Ramakrishnan, Charles Dickens, Bhavishya Pohani, Christopher M Glaze

Learn more about Benchmarking Agents in Insurance Underwriting Environments
Terminal-Bench: Benchmarking Agents on Hard, Realistic Tasks in Command Line Interfaces
AI agents may soon become capable of autonomously completing valuable, long horizon tasks in diverse domains. Current benchmarks either do not measure real-world tasks, or are not sufficiently difficult to meaningfully measure frontier models. To this end, we present Terminal-Bench 2.0: a carefully curated hard benchmark composed of 89 tasks in computer terminal environments inspired by problems from real workflows. Each task features a unique environment, human written solution, and comprehensive tests for verification. We show that frontier models and agents score less than 65% on the benchmark and conduct an error analysis to identify areas for model and agent...
Research Paper
Terminal-Bench: Benchmarking Agents on Hard, Realistic Tasks in Command Line Interfaces

AI agents may soon become capable of autonomously completing valuable, long horizon tasks in diverse domains. Current benchmarks either do not measure real-world tasks, or are not sufficiently difficult to meaningfully measure frontier models. To this end, we present Terminal-Bench 2.0: a carefully curated hard benchmark composed of 89 tasks in computer terminal environments inspired by problems from real workflows….

Jan 30, 2026 •
Snorkel Team
Learn more about Terminal-Bench: Benchmarking Agents on Hard, Realistic Tasks in Command Line Interfaces
SlopCodeBench: Measuring Code Erosion as Agents Iterate
Blog
SlopCodeBench: Measuring Code Erosion as Agents Iterate

SlopCodeBench reveals how AI coding agents degrade code quality over time—measuring “slop,” technical debt, and architectural erosion across iterations.

Jan 20, 2026 •
Learn more about SlopCodeBench: Measuring Code Erosion as Agents Iterate
Introducing the Snorkel Agentic Coding Benchmark
Blog
Introducing the Snorkel Agentic Coding Benchmark

Today, we’re sharing details about the Snorkel Agentic Coding benchmark—a comprehensive evaluation suite designed to test whether agents can handle the full complexity of software engineering work.

Jan 09, 2026 •
Learn more about Introducing the Snorkel Agentic Coding Benchmark
Tabby: A Language Model Architecture for Tabular and Structured Data Synthesis
Large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved the quality of synthetic text data. We aim to extend these advances to tabular data with Tabby, a simple but powerful post-training modification to the standard Transformer language model architecture, enabling its use for tabular dataset synthesis. Tabby represents differences across columns using Gated Mixture-of-Experts, with column-specific sets of parameters. Empirically, Tabby results in data quality near or equal to that of real data. Pairing Tabby with Plain, our novel tabular training technique, we observe up to a $7\%$ improvement in quality (measured by MLE) over previous methods. Additionally, our approach is more...
Research Paper
Tabby: A Language Model Architecture for Tabular and Structured Data Synthesis

Large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved the quality of synthetic text data. We aim to extend these advances to tabular data with Tabby, a simple but powerful post-training modification to the standard Transformer language model architecture, enabling its use for tabular dataset synthesis. Tabby represents differences across columns using Gated Mixture-of-Experts, with column-specific sets of parameters. Empirically, Tabby results…

Jan 02, 2026 •

Sonia Cromp, Satya Sai Srinath Namburi GNVV, Mohammed Alkhudhayri, Catherine Cao, Samuel Guo, Nicholas Roberts, Frederic Sala

Learn more about Tabby: A Language Model Architecture for Tabular and Structured Data Synthesis
2026: The year of environments
Blog
2026: The year of environments

We just returned from NeurIPS 2025, and we’re still processing everything we saw. The energy around data-centric AI has never been stronger—and we couldn’t be more grateful to the research community for pushing these ideas forward.

Dec 10, 2025 •
Learn more about 2026: The year of environments
Part V: Future direction and emerging trends
Blog
Part V: Future direction and emerging trends

Explores how rubrics support agentic, multi-turn, tool-using, multimodal, and code-generating AI systems, and how they evolve with AI feedback and ensemble evaluation.

Dec 05, 2025 •
Learn more about Part V: Future direction and emerging trends
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October 8, 2026 | San francisco

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A one-day, invite-only summit providing a first look at the benchmarks and research that will shape the frontier.

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