We develop methods, benchmarks, and training systems that turn expert data into frontier AI

TL;DR: We stress-tested the “generate → criticize → improve” loop on 50 visual reasoning tasks. The results were counterintuitive: self-critique acts as a corrosive agent on high-performance tasks, turning 98% accuracy into 57%. Yet, for tasks where models fail completely, it works like magic. This difficulty-dependent behavior poses a critical, hidden risk for RLFT pipelines. The promise vs. the reality…

Snorkel Chief Scientist Fred Sala and Kobie Crawford chat with the Terminal-Bench team to unpack the design behind Terminal-Bench 2.0 and the new Harbor framework.

Snorkel AI contributes specialized datasets to Hazy Research’s “Intelligence-per-Watt” study, advancing how efficiently AI turns energy into intelligence.

Large language model (LLM) queries are predominantly processed by frontier models in centralized cloud infrastructure. Rapidly growing demand strains this paradigm, and cloud providers struggle to scale infrastructure at pace. Two advances enable us to rethink this paradigm: small LMs (<=20B active parameters) now achieve competitive performance to frontier models on many tasks, and local accelerators (e.g., Apple M4 Max)…

Terminal-Bench 2.0 launches today, marking a major leap in AI agent evaluation. Snorkel AI contributed key research and task design to this release.

We unpack what makes a high-quality RL environment for LLMs and show how we build realistic, enterprise-grade environments at Snorkel AI.

The rapid progress and widespread deployment of LLMs and LLM-powered agents has outpaced our ability to evaluate them. Hand-crafted, static benchmarks are the primary tool for assessing model capabilities, but these quickly become saturated. In contrast, dynamic benchmarks evolve alongside the models they evaluate, but are expensive to create and continuously update. To address these challenges, we develop BeTaL (Benchmark…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become the dominant paradigm for improving the performance of language models on complex reasoning tasks. Despite the substantial empirical gains demonstrated by RL-based training methods like GRPO, a granular understanding of why and how RL enhances performance is still lacking. To bridge this gap, we introduce SPARKLE, a fine-grained analytic framework to dissect the effects of…

A procedurally generated and programmatically verified benchmark for evaluating spatial reasoning capabilities in LLMs Large language models (LLMs) are showing remarkable results on solving complex reasoning problems across domains—from mathematical proofs and logical puzzles to graduate-level science and engineering questions. On the other hand, their spatial reasoning capabilities are less understood, even though such reasoning underlies many everyday tasks. We…