We develop methods, benchmarks, and training systems that turn expert data into frontier AI

building benchmarks and collaborating with

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key research areas

Vision and impact

We help labs advance frontier models by working with domain experts to design and build complex, realistic datasets that drive model performance.

initiatives

Community and open science

Open benchmarks, conversations, and research for real-world AI performance.

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Open Benchmarks Grants

Backed by a $3M commitment, the program funds
open-source datasets, benchmarks, and evaluation artifacts that shape how frontier AI systems are built
and evaluated.

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Benchtalks

Our podcast series at the intersection of AI evaluation, data quality, and real-world impact.
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Reading Group

A recurring forum for researchers and practitioners to explore the latest frontier developments in AI while building meaningful connections within the community.

DEEP RESEARCH Expertise

Technical advisors and distinguished affiliates

Stephen Bach headshot

Stephen Bach

Brown University
Eliot Horowitz Assistant Professor, Computer Science Department
Jason Fries headshot

Jason Fries

Stanford University
Assistant Professor of Biomedical Data Science and of Medicine
Jared Dunnmon headshot

Jared Dunnmon

Co-Founder & Chief Scientist, Stealth Startup
Prev. Dir. of AI at DIU
Fred Sala headshot

Fred Sala

Chief Scientist
,
Snorkel AI
Assistant Professor @ University of Wisconsin-Madison
Chris Ré headshot

Chris Ré

Co-Founder
,
Snorkel AI
Professor @ Stanford University
Ludwig Schmidt headshot

Ludwig Schmidt

Stanford University · LAION
Stanford researcher and LAION collaborator
Karthik Narasimhan headshot

Karthik Narasimhan

Princeton University
Professor of Computer Science
Yu Su headshot

Yu Su

Ohio State University
Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering
Lewis Tunstall headshot

Lewis Tunstall

Hugging Face
Machine Learning Engineer
PUBLICATIONS

Browse research blogs
and academic papers

Type: All Types
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Language models are an effective representation learning technique for electronic health record data
Widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) has fueled the development of using machine learning to build prediction models for various clinical outcomes. However, this process is often constrained by having a relatively small number of patient records for training the model. We demonstrate that using patient representation schemes inspired from techniques in natural language processing can increase the accuracy of clinical prediction models by transferring information learned from the entire patient population to the task of training a specific model, where only a subset of the population is relevant. Such patient representation schemes enable a 3.5% mean improvement in...
Research Paper
Language models are an effective representation learning technique for electronic health record data

Widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) has fueled the development of using machine learning to build prediction models for various clinical outcomes. However, this process is often constrained by having a relatively small number of patient records for training the model. We demonstrate that using patient representation schemes inspired from techniques in natural language processing can increase the accuracy…

Jan 01, 2021

E. Steinberg, et al.

Learn more about Language models are an effective representation learning technique for electronic health record data
Leveraging Organizational Resources to Adapt Models to New Data Modalities
This work demonstrates how organizational resources, in the form of aggregate statistics, knowledge bases, and existing services can be used to connect new and existing data modalities.
Research Paper
Leveraging Organizational Resources to Adapt Models to New Data Modalities

This work demonstrates how organizational resources, in the form of aggregate statistics, knowledge bases, and existing services can be used to connect new and existing data modalities.

Nov 23, 2020

S. Suri, et al, 2020

Learn more about Leveraging Organizational Resources to Adapt Models to New Data Modalities
Parameterizing neural power spectra into periodic and aperiodic components
Electrophysiological signals exhibit both periodic and aperiodic properties. Periodic oscillations have been linked to numerous physiological, cognitive, behavioral and disease states. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the aperiodic component has putative physiological interpretations and that it dynamically changes with age, task demands and cognitive states. Electrophysiological neural activity is typically analyzed using canonically defined frequency bands, without consideration of the aperiodic (1/f-like) component. We show that standard analytic approaches can conflate periodic parameters (center frequency, power, bandwidth) with aperiodic ones (offset, exponent), compromising physiological interpretations. To overcome these limitations, we introduce an algorithm to parameterize neural power spectra as a combination...
Research Paper
Parameterizing neural power spectra into periodic and aperiodic components

Electrophysiological signals exhibit both periodic and aperiodic properties. Periodic oscillations have been linked to numerous physiological, cognitive, behavioral and disease states. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the aperiodic component has putative physiological interpretations and that it dynamically changes with age, task demands and cognitive states. Electrophysiological neural activity is typically analyzed using canonically defined frequency bands, without consideration of the aperiodic…

Nov 23, 2020

T. Donoghue, et al.

Learn more about Parameterizing neural power spectra into periodic and aperiodic components
Fast and Three-Rious: Speed up Weak Supervision With Triplet Methods
Introducing FlyingSquid, a weak supervision framework that runs orders of magnitude faster than previous weak supervision approaches and requires fewer assumptions
Research Paper
Fast and Three-Rious: Speed up Weak Supervision With Triplet Methods

Introducing FlyingSquid, a weak supervision framework that runs orders of magnitude faster than previous weak supervision approaches and requires fewer assumptions

Nov 20, 2020

D. Fu, et al, 2020

Learn more about Fast and Three-Rious: Speed up Weak Supervision With Triplet Methods
Cross-Modal Data Programming Enables Rapid Medical Machine Learning
This paper proposes cross-modal data programming (XMDP) for machine learning (ML) in medicine.
Research Paper
Cross-Modal Data Programming Enables Rapid Medical Machine Learning

This paper proposes cross-modal data programming (XMDP) for machine learning (ML) in medicine.

Nov 14, 2020

J. Dunnmon, et al, 2020

Learn more about Cross-Modal Data Programming Enables Rapid Medical Machine Learning
Train and You’ll Miss It: Interactive Model Iteration With Weak Supervision…
This paper provides a series of results studying how performance scales with changes in source coverage, source accuracy, and the Lipschitzness of label distributions in the embedding space, and compare this rate to standard weak supervision.
Research Paper
Train and You’ll Miss It: Interactive Model Iteration With Weak Supervision…

This paper provides a series of results studying how performance scales with changes in source coverage, source accuracy, and the Lipschitzness of label distributions in the embedding space, and compare this rate to standard weak supervision.

Nov 13, 2020

M. Chen, et al, 2020

Learn more about Train and You’ll Miss It: Interactive Model Iteration With Weak Supervision…
Ontology-driven weak supervision for clinical entity classification in electronic health records
Presenting Trove, a framework for weakly supervised entity classification using medical ontologies and expert-generated rules.
Research Paper
Ontology-driven weak supervision for clinical entity classification in electronic health records

Presenting Trove, a framework for weakly supervised entity classification using medical ontologies and expert-generated rules.

Nov 13, 2020

J. Fries, et al. 2020

Learn more about Ontology-driven weak supervision for clinical entity classification in electronic health records
Cardiac Imaging of Aortic Valve Area From 34 287 UK Biobank Participants Reveals Novel Genetic Associations and Shared Genetic Comorbidity With Multiple Disease Phenotypes
Background: The aortic valve is an important determinant of cardiovascular physiology and anatomic location of common human diseases. Methods: From a sample of 34 287 white British ancestry participants, we estimated functional aortic valve area by planimetry from prospectively obtained cardiac magnetic resonance imaging sequences of the aortic valve. Aortic valve area measurements were submitted to genome-wide association testing, followed by polygenic risk scoring and phenome-wide screening, to identify genetic comorbidities. Results: A genome-wide association study of aortic valve area in these UK Biobank participants showed 3 significant associations, indexed by rs71190365 (chr13:50764607, DLEU1, P=1.8×10−9), rs35991305 (chr12:94191968, CRADD, P=3.4×10−8), and chr17:45013271:C:T...
Research Paper
Cardiac Imaging of Aortic Valve Area From 34 287 UK Biobank Participants Reveals Novel Genetic Associations and Shared Genetic Comorbidity With Multiple Disease Phenotypes

Background: The aortic valve is an important determinant of cardiovascular physiology and anatomic location of common human diseases. Methods: From a sample of 34 287 white British ancestry participants, we estimated functional aortic valve area by planimetry from prospectively obtained cardiac magnetic resonance imaging sequences of the aortic valve. Aortic valve area measurements were submitted to genome-wide association testing, followed by…

Oct 30, 2020

A. Córdova-Palomera, et al.

Learn more about Cardiac Imaging of Aortic Valve Area From 34 287 UK Biobank Participants Reveals Novel Genetic Associations and Shared Genetic Comorbidity With Multiple Disease Phenotypes
Selecting Auxiliary Data Using Knowledge Graphs for Image Classification with Limited Labels
In this paper, we propose a learning algorithm for training deep neural networks when there is not sufficient labeled data. To improve the generalization capabilities of the deep model, we adopt a learning scheme to train two related tasks simultaneously. One is the original task (target), and the other is an auxiliary task (source). In order to create a related auxiliary task, we leverage an available knowledge graph to query for semantically related concepts that are grounded in labeled images; hence we call our method KGAuxLearn. We jointly train the target and source tasks in a multi-task architecture. We evaluate...
Research Paper
Selecting Auxiliary Data Using Knowledge Graphs for Image Classification with Limited Labels

In this paper, we propose a learning algorithm for training deep neural networks when there is not sufficient labeled data. To improve the generalization capabilities of the deep model, we adopt a learning scheme to train two related tasks simultaneously. One is the original task (target), and the other is an auxiliary task (source). In order to create a related…

Jul 28, 2020
Snorkel Team
Learn more about Selecting Auxiliary Data Using Knowledge Graphs for Image Classification with Limited Labels
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