We develop methods, benchmarks, and training systems that turn expert data into frontier AI

building benchmarks and collaborating with

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key research areas

Vision and impact

We help labs advance frontier models by working with domain experts to design and build complex, realistic datasets that drive model performance.

initiatives

Community and open science

Open benchmarks, conversations, and research for real-world AI performance.

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Open Benchmarks Grants

Backed by a $30M commitment, Open Benchmarks Grants funds new benchmarks, red-teams existing ones to find weaknesses, and supports researchers through a fellowship.

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Benchtalks

Our podcast series at the intersection of AI evaluation, data quality, and real-world impact.
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Reading Group

A recurring forum for researchers and practitioners to explore the latest frontier developments in AI while building meaningful connections within the community.

DEEP RESEARCH Expertise

Technical advisors and distinguished affiliates

Stephen Bach headshot

Stephen Bach

Brown University
Eliot Horowitz Assistant Professor, Computer Science Department
Jason Fries headshot

Jason Fries

Stanford University
Assistant Professor of Biomedical Data Science and of Medicine
Jared Dunnmon headshot

Jared Dunnmon

Co-Founder & Chief Scientist, Stealth Startup
Prev. Dir. of AI at DIU
Fred Sala headshot

Fred Sala

Chief Scientist
,
Snorkel AI
Assistant Professor @ University of Wisconsin-Madison
Chris Ré headshot

Chris Ré

Co-Founder
,
Snorkel AI
Professor @ Stanford University
Ludwig Schmidt headshot

Ludwig Schmidt

Stanford University
Researcher
Karthik Narasimhan headshot

Karthik Narasimhan

Princeton University
Professor of Computer Science
Yu Su headshot

Yu Su

Ohio State University
Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering
Lewis Tunstall headshot

Lewis Tunstall

Hugging Face
Machine Learning Engineer
PUBLICATIONS

Browse research blogs
and academic papers

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Intelligence per Watt: Measuring Local AI Efficiency
Blog
NEW
Intelligence per Watt: Measuring Local AI Efficiency

Jon Saad-Falcon and Avanika Narayan (Stanford, Hazy Research) present Intelligence per Watt, a metric that divides task accuracy by power draw to compare local AI models and hardware, and show it improved 5.3x from 2023 to 2025.

Nov 05, 2026 •
Learn more about Intelligence per Watt: Measuring Local AI Efficiency
Ping or Peek: When agents prefer to peek at rewards over asking users for help
Blog
NEW
Ping or Peek: When agents prefer to peek at rewards over asking users for help

The field of AI continues to suffer from two ongoing trends that we demonstrate here may be directly linked: (1) agents do not consistently ask users for clarification when tasks are ambiguous, and (2) agents sometimes inspect accessible reward-function code to infer the answer expected by a benchmark. Our hypothesis: pressure towards autonomous task completion incentivizes agents to bypass users…

Nov 05, 2026 •
Learn more about Ping or Peek: When agents prefer to peek at rewards over asking users for help
Joules-to-GDP: Measuring the economic value of AI per unit of energy
Blog
NEW
Joules-to-GDP: Measuring the economic value of AI per unit of energy

The model that produces the most valuable work isn’t always the best use of your energy. This is one of the interesting findings in Joules-to-GDP, a paper released today by researchers at Stanford, UC Berkeley and UT Austin. Of the five models they tested, GLM 5.2 delivered the most net value per task, but Gemma 4 31B delivered 56% of…

Learn more about Joules-to-GDP: Measuring the economic value of AI per unit of energy
Joules-to-GDP: How Much Economic Value Do AI Systems Produce per Unit of Energy?
AI systems are increasingly used to complete economically valuable tasks in various professions, such as software engineering and finance. This motivates the question: how much economic value does an AI system produce per unit of energy? To answer it, we introduce Joules-to-GDP, a framework that measures output dollar value minus AI execution cost per unit of energy, which we call Net Value per Joule (NVJ), and expert time saved per unit of energy, or Time Saving per Joule (TSJ). We then apply the framework to 220 GDPval tasks across 44 occupations. Four findings stand out. First, the most valuable work...
Research Paper
NEW
Joules-to-GDP: How Much Economic Value Do AI Systems Produce per Unit of Energy?

AI systems are increasingly used to complete economically valuable tasks in various professions, such as software engineering and finance. This motivates the question: how much economic value does an AI system produce per unit of energy? To answer it, we introduce Joules-to-GDP, a framework that measures output dollar value minus AI execution cost per unit of energy, which we call…

Nov 02, 2026 •

Amirreza Zeinali, Jon Saad-Falcon, Avanika Narayan, Mersad Abbasi + 4 more

Learn more about Joules-to-GDP: How Much Economic Value Do AI Systems Produce per Unit of Energy?
Checking the Rubrics: RIFT Results on Five Public Benchmarks
Blog
NEW
Checking the Rubrics: RIFT Results on Five Public Benchmarks

Rubric-based evaluation is now a common way to score the outputs of language models and agents (Hashemi et al., 2024; Wei et al., 2025), and rubrics also serve as the source of reward signals in training (Gunjal et al., 2025; Liu et al., 2026; Ding, 2026). In both uses the rubric is the measurement instrument, and the validity of any…

Learn more about Checking the Rubrics: RIFT Results on Five Public Benchmarks
Frontier Data Summit 2026 Recap
Blog
Frontier Data Summit 2026 Recap

As agents get more capable, the data and evaluations that measure them have to become a science in their own right. Here are the sessions, takeaways and videos from the Frontier Data Summit.

Oct 16, 2026 •
Learn more about Frontier Data Summit 2026 Recap
When Partial Credit Opposes Completion
Blog
When Partial Credit Opposes Completion

AI agents are increasingly trusted with long, open-ended work. They fix bugs across large repositories, operate terminals for hours, and chain numerous tool calls toward a single goal. The strongest models now solve a meaningful share of such tasks, yet on the hardest ones failure is still the common outcome, and closing that gap is one of the central problems…

Oct 15, 2026 •
Learn more about When Partial Credit Opposes Completion
Frontier AI is Accelerating. Open Benchmarks Need to Keep Up.
Blog
Frontier AI is Accelerating. Open Benchmarks Need to Keep Up.

Today, we’re excited to announce that we are expanding our Open Benchmarks Grants by 10x to a $30M commitment, to support researchers, domain experts, and open-source teams pushing the frontier of robust, open frontier AI evaluation. The expanded program includes: Through our initial $3M commitment to Open Benchmarks Grants (OBG) and our broader research collaborations, we’ve partnered with the teams…

Oct 07, 2026 •
Learn more about Frontier AI is Accelerating. Open Benchmarks Need to Keep Up.
MedPAIR: Measuring Whether Physicians and AI Agree on What Matters in Medical QA
Blog
MedPAIR: Measuring Whether Physicians and AI Agree on What Matters in Medical QA

Yuexing Hao presents MedPAIR, a dataset comparing which sentences physicians and LLMs find relevant in clinical questions. Humans and LLMs agree on only 50 to 60% of relevance labels.

Oct 02, 2026 •
Learn more about MedPAIR: Measuring Whether Physicians and AI Agree on What Matters in Medical QA
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