Resource library

Two methodologies dominate current practices of benchmarking: rubric-based scoring evaluates items against predefined criteria, whereas comparative judgment elicits pairwise preferences between outputs. Although both methodologies are widely used, the choice between them is rarely justified. We release JudgmentBench, a benchmark of 30 real-world legal tasks, paired with 1,539 rubric scores and 1,530 pairwise preference judgments collected from practicing attorneys–including at…

Large-scale web-crawled datasets contain noise, bias, and irrelevant information, necessitating data selection techniques. Existing methods depend on hand-crafted heuristics, downstream datasets, or require expensive influence-based computations — all of which limit scalability and introduce unwanted data dependencies. To address this, we introduce the Mimic Score, a simple and geometry-based data-quality metric that evaluates utility by measuring alignment between a sample’s…

Christopher Sniffen recently sat down with Rezaur Rahman — CIO / CISO / CAIO at the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation — for a conversation on what it actually takes to build frontier AI for federal infrastructure. They get into the limits of frontier models on geospatial reasoning, mechanistic interpretability for applied AI, the trick that makes vision models useful…

At our latest Snorkel AI Reading Group, Carter Wendelken of Google DeepMind walked us through two related papers he presented at ICLR: Code World Models for General Game Playing and AutoHarness: Improving LLM Agents by Automatically Synthesizing a Code Harness. Both ask the same question from opposite ends: when you want an LLM to act reliably in a complex, possibly…

Coding agents have moved from tab-complete to teammate. They autonomously inspect repositories, edit files, run commands, diagnose failures, and work through multi-step engineering tasks. That creates a harder reliability problem. A model that only suggests code is easy for a human to evaluate. A coding agent refactoring your repository and testing its own changes is much harder to supervise –…

Software development is iterative, yet agentic coding benchmarks hide design issues through their single-shot setup. Recent iterative benchmarks attempt to remedy this but heavily constrain an agent’s design decision space, making it impossible to faithfully measure how their decisions shape future extensions. We introduce SlopCodeBench, a benchmark of 36 problems and 196 checkpoints where agents repeatedly extend their own solutions….

At our latest Snorkel AI Reading Group, Mayee Chen (Stanford, Hazy Research) stopped by our San Francisco office to walk us through Olmix: A Framework for Data Mixing Throughout LM Development — work she contributed to during her internship at Ai2 on OLMo 3. Olmix tackles one of the messiest, least-documented levers in LLM pre-training: how to set the ratios…

Rubric-based evaluation is widely used in LLM benchmarks and training pipelines for open-ended, less verifiable tasks. While prior work has demonstrated the effectiveness of rubrics using downstream signals such as reinforcement learning outcomes, there remains no principled way to diagnose rubric quality issues from such aggregated or downstream signals alone. To address this gap, we introduce RIFT: RubrIc Failure mode…

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) typically relies on large quantities of high-quality annotated data, or questions with well-defined ground truth answers in the case of Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR). While previous work has explored the benefits to model reasoning capabilities by scaling both data and compute used for RLVR, these results lack applicability in many real-world settings where…