We develop methods, benchmarks, and training systems that turn expert data into frontier AI

building benchmarks and collaborating with

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key research areas

Vision and impact

We help labs advance frontier models by working with domain experts to design and build complex, realistic datasets that drive model performance.

initiatives

Community and open science

Open benchmarks, conversations, and research for real-world AI performance.

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Open Benchmarks Grants

Backed by a $3M commitment, the program funds
open-source datasets, benchmarks, and evaluation artifacts that shape how frontier AI systems are built
and evaluated.

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Benchtalks

Our podcast series at the intersection of AI evaluation, data quality, and real-world impact.
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Reading Group

A recurring forum for researchers and practitioners to explore the latest frontier developments in AI while building meaningful connections within the community.

DEEP RESEARCH Expertise

Technical advisors and distinguished affiliates

Stephen Bach headshot

Stephen Bach

Brown University
Eliot Horowitz Assistant Professor, Computer Science Department
Jason Fries headshot

Jason Fries

Stanford University
Assistant Professor of Biomedical Data Science and of Medicine
Jared Dunnmon headshot

Jared Dunnmon

Co-Founder & Chief Scientist, Stealth Startup
Prev. Dir. of AI at DIU
Fred Sala headshot

Fred Sala

Chief Scientist
,
Snorkel AI
Assistant Professor @ University of Wisconsin-Madison
Chris Ré headshot

Chris Ré

Co-Founder
,
Snorkel AI
Professor @ Stanford University
Ludwig Schmidt headshot

Ludwig Schmidt

Stanford University · LAION
Stanford researcher and LAION collaborator
Karthik Narasimhan headshot

Karthik Narasimhan

Princeton University
Professor of Computer Science
Yu Su headshot

Yu Su

Ohio State University
Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering
Lewis Tunstall headshot

Lewis Tunstall

Hugging Face
Machine Learning Engineer
PUBLICATIONS

Browse research blogs
and academic papers

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Towards Curiosity-Driven Learning of Physical Dynamics
Throughout our lives, we as humans acquire an intuitive understanding of our physical environments, a capacity that supports our imagination and planning abilities. Driven by our own curiosity, we learn about object motion and properties via self-curated targeted experiments, that teach us what we do not know. Recently, neural network models have been proposed that learn forward object dynamics from observations like humans. Unlike humans, these models do not actively interact with surrounding objects but learn from human-curated datasets as passive observers. In this work-in-progress, we propose a closed-loop system that teaches itself about forward object dynamics without any human...
Research Paper
Towards Curiosity-Driven Learning of Physical Dynamics

Throughout our lives, we as humans acquire an intuitive understanding of our physical environments, a capacity that supports our imagination and planning abilities. Driven by our own curiosity, we learn about object motion and properties via self-curated targeted experiments, that teach us what we do not know. Recently, neural network models have been proposed that learn forward object dynamics from…

Apr 26, 2020

MJ. Lingelbach, et al.

Learn more about Towards Curiosity-Driven Learning of Physical Dynamics
Weakly Supervised Sequence Tagging from Noisy Rules
We propose a framework for training sequence tagging models with weak supervision consisting of multiple heuristic rules of unknown accuracy. In addition to supporting rules that vote on tags in the output sequence, we introduce a new type of weak supervision, called linking rules, that vote on how sequence elements should be grouped into spans with the same tag. These rules are an alternative to candidate span generators that require significantly more human effort. To estimate the accuracies of the rules and combine their conflicting outputs into training data, we introduce a new type of generative model, linked hidden Markov...
Research Paper
Weakly Supervised Sequence Tagging from Noisy Rules

We propose a framework for training sequence tagging models with weak supervision consisting of multiple heuristic rules of unknown accuracy. In addition to supporting rules that vote on tags in the output sequence, we introduce a new type of weak supervision, called linking rules, that vote on how sequence elements should be grouped into spans with the same tag. These…

Apr 03, 2020

E. Safranchik, et al.

Learn more about Weakly Supervised Sequence Tagging from Noisy Rules
Weakly Supervised Classification of Aortic Valve Malformations Using Unlabeled Cardiac MRI Sequences
This work formalizes a deep learning baseline for aortic valve classification and outlines a general strategy for using weak supervision to train machine learning models using unlabeled medical images at scale.
Research Paper
Weakly Supervised Classification of Aortic Valve Malformations Using Unlabeled Cardiac MRI Sequences

This work formalizes a deep learning baseline for aortic valve classification and outlines a general strategy for using weak supervision to train machine learning models using unlabeled medical images at scale.

Dec 20, 2019

J. Fries, et al, 2019

Learn more about Weakly Supervised Classification of Aortic Valve Malformations Using Unlabeled Cardiac MRI Sequences
Utilizing Weak Supervision to Infer Complex Objects in Autonomous Driving Data
While the detection and classification of simple objects encountered during autonomous driving sessions has been widely researched, the detection of complex objects and situations based on the combinations of objects in a scene remains relatively overlooked. This is especially difficult due to the cost of gathering labels for each complex scenario of interest before training a specialized model. To address this bottleneck of training data, we explore the applicability of weak supervision, or relying on higher level, noisier forms of supervision to label training data. Specifically, we use data programming, a paradigm that can learn the accuracy and dependency structure...
Research Paper
Utilizing Weak Supervision to Infer Complex Objects in Autonomous Driving Data

While the detection and classification of simple objects encountered during autonomous driving sessions has been widely researched, the detection of complex objects and situations based on the combinations of objects in a scene remains relatively overlooked. This is especially difficult due to the cost of gathering labels for each complex scenario of interest before training a specialized model. To address…

Dec 19, 2019

Z. Wheng, et al, 2019

Learn more about Utilizing Weak Supervision to Infer Complex Objects in Autonomous Driving Data
Training Complex Models with Multi-Task Weak Supervision
Proposing a framework for integrating and modeling such weak supervision sources by viewing them as labeling different related sub-tasks of a problem, which we refer to as the multi-task weak supervision setting
Research Paper
Training Complex Models with Multi-Task Weak Supervision

Proposing a framework for integrating and modeling such weak supervision sources by viewing them as labeling different related sub-tasks of a problem, which we refer to as the multi-task weak supervision setting

Dec 18, 2019

A. Ratner, et al, 2019

Learn more about Training Complex Models with Multi-Task Weak Supervision
The Role of Massively Multi-Task and Weak Supervision in Software 2.0
Outlining a vision for a Software 2.0 lifecycle centered around the idea that labeling training data can be the primary interface to Software 2.0 systems.
Research Paper
The Role of Massively Multi-Task and Weak Supervision in Software 2.0

Outlining a vision for a Software 2.0 lifecycle centered around the idea that labeling training data can be the primary interface to Software 2.0 systems.

Dec 17, 2019

A. Ratner, et al, 2019

Learn more about The Role of Massively Multi-Task and Weak Supervision in Software 2.0
Snuba: Automating Weak Supervision to Label Training Data
As deep learning models are applied to increasingly diverse problems, a key bottleneck is gathering enough high-quality training labels tailored to each task. Users therefore turn to weak supervision, relying on imperfect sources of labels like pattern matching and user-defined heuristics. Unfortunately, users have to design these sources for each task. This process can be time consuming and expensive: domain experts often perform repetitive steps like guessing optimal numerical thresholds and developing informative text patterns. To address these challenges, we present Snuba, a system to automatically generate heuristics using a small labeled dataset to assign training labels to a large,...
Research Paper
Snuba: Automating Weak Supervision to Label Training Data

As deep learning models are applied to increasingly diverse problems, a key bottleneck is gathering enough high-quality training labels tailored to each task. Users therefore turn to weak supervision, relying on imperfect sources of labels like pattern matching and user-defined heuristics. Unfortunately, users have to design these sources for each task. This process can be time consuming and expensive: domain…

Dec 16, 2019

P. Varma and C. Ré, 2019

Learn more about Snuba: Automating Weak Supervision to Label Training Data
Snorkel DryBell: A Case Study in Deploying Weak Supervision at Industrial Scale
This is first-of-its-kind study showing how existing knowledge resources from across an organization can be used as weak supervision in order to bring development time and cost down by an order of magnitude, and introduce Snorkel DryBell, a new weak supervision management system for this setting
Research Paper
Snorkel DryBell: A Case Study in Deploying Weak Supervision at Industrial Scale

This is first-of-its-kind study showing how existing knowledge resources from across an organization can be used as weak supervision in order to bring development time and cost down by an order of magnitude, and introduce Snorkel DryBell, a new weak supervision management system for this setting

Dec 15, 2019

S. Bach, et al, 2019

Learn more about Snorkel DryBell: A Case Study in Deploying Weak Supervision at Industrial Scale
Slice-Based Learning: A Programming Model for Residual Learning
In real-world machine learning applications, data subsets correspond to especially critical outcomes: vulnerable cyclist detections are safety-critical in an autonomous driving task, and "question" sentences might be important to a dialogue agent's language understanding for product purposes. While machine learning models can achieve quality performance on coarse-grained metrics like F1-score and overall accuracy, they may underperform on these critical subsets---we define these as slices, the key abstraction in our approach. To address slice-level performance, practitioners often train separate "expert" models on slice subsets or use multi-task hard parameter sharing. We propose Slice-based Learning, a new programming model in which the...
Research Paper
Slice-Based Learning: A Programming Model for Residual Learning

In real-world machine learning applications, data subsets correspond to especially critical outcomes: vulnerable cyclist detections are safety-critical in an autonomous driving task, and “question” sentences might be important to a dialogue agent’s language understanding for product purposes. While machine learning models can achieve quality performance on coarse-grained metrics like F1-score and overall accuracy, they may underperform on these critical subsets—we…

Dec 14, 2019

V. Chen, et al, 2019

Learn more about Slice-Based Learning: A Programming Model for Residual Learning
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